Integrand size = 13, antiderivative size = 84 \[ \int \frac {\csc ^3(x)}{a+b \sin (x)} \, dx=-\frac {2 b^3 \arctan \left (\frac {b+a \tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}{\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}\right )}{a^3 \sqrt {a^2-b^2}}-\frac {\left (a^2+2 b^2\right ) \text {arctanh}(\cos (x))}{2 a^3}+\frac {b \cot (x)}{a^2}-\frac {\cot (x) \csc (x)}{2 a} \]
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Time = 0.19 (sec) , antiderivative size = 84, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 7, number of rules used = 7, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.538, Rules used = {2881, 3134, 3080, 3855, 2739, 632, 210} \[ \int \frac {\csc ^3(x)}{a+b \sin (x)} \, dx=\frac {b \cot (x)}{a^2}-\frac {2 b^3 \arctan \left (\frac {a \tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )+b}{\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}\right )}{a^3 \sqrt {a^2-b^2}}-\frac {\left (a^2+2 b^2\right ) \text {arctanh}(\cos (x))}{2 a^3}-\frac {\cot (x) \csc (x)}{2 a} \]
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Rule 210
Rule 632
Rule 2739
Rule 2881
Rule 3080
Rule 3134
Rule 3855
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = -\frac {\cot (x) \csc (x)}{2 a}+\frac {\int \frac {\csc ^2(x) \left (-2 b+a \sin (x)+b \sin ^2(x)\right )}{a+b \sin (x)} \, dx}{2 a} \\ & = \frac {b \cot (x)}{a^2}-\frac {\cot (x) \csc (x)}{2 a}+\frac {\int \frac {\csc (x) \left (a^2+2 b^2+a b \sin (x)\right )}{a+b \sin (x)} \, dx}{2 a^2} \\ & = \frac {b \cot (x)}{a^2}-\frac {\cot (x) \csc (x)}{2 a}-\frac {b^3 \int \frac {1}{a+b \sin (x)} \, dx}{a^3}+\frac {\left (a^2+2 b^2\right ) \int \csc (x) \, dx}{2 a^3} \\ & = -\frac {\left (a^2+2 b^2\right ) \text {arctanh}(\cos (x))}{2 a^3}+\frac {b \cot (x)}{a^2}-\frac {\cot (x) \csc (x)}{2 a}-\frac {\left (2 b^3\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{a+2 b x+a x^2} \, dx,x,\tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\right )}{a^3} \\ & = -\frac {\left (a^2+2 b^2\right ) \text {arctanh}(\cos (x))}{2 a^3}+\frac {b \cot (x)}{a^2}-\frac {\cot (x) \csc (x)}{2 a}+\frac {\left (4 b^3\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-4 \left (a^2-b^2\right )-x^2} \, dx,x,2 b+2 a \tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\right )}{a^3} \\ & = -\frac {2 b^3 \arctan \left (\frac {b+a \tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}{\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}\right )}{a^3 \sqrt {a^2-b^2}}-\frac {\left (a^2+2 b^2\right ) \text {arctanh}(\cos (x))}{2 a^3}+\frac {b \cot (x)}{a^2}-\frac {\cot (x) \csc (x)}{2 a} \\ \end{align*}
Time = 0.43 (sec) , antiderivative size = 144, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.71 \[ \int \frac {\csc ^3(x)}{a+b \sin (x)} \, dx=\frac {-\frac {16 b^3 \arctan \left (\frac {b+a \tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}{\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}\right )}{\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}+4 a b \cot \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )-a^2 \csc ^2\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )-4 a^2 \log \left (\cos \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\right )-8 b^2 \log \left (\cos \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\right )+4 a^2 \log \left (\sin \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\right )+8 b^2 \log \left (\sin \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\right )+a^2 \sec ^2\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )-4 a b \tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}{8 a^3} \]
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Time = 0.69 (sec) , antiderivative size = 112, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.33
method | result | size |
default | \(\frac {\frac {a \left (\tan ^{2}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\right )}{2}-2 b \tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}{4 a^{2}}-\frac {1}{8 a \tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )^{2}}+\frac {\left (2 a^{2}+4 b^{2}\right ) \ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\right )}{4 a^{3}}+\frac {b}{2 a^{2} \tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}-\frac {2 b^{3} \arctan \left (\frac {2 a \tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )+2 b}{2 \sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}}\right )}{a^{3} \sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}}\) | \(112\) |
risch | \(\frac {i \left (-i a \,{\mathrm e}^{3 i x}-i a \,{\mathrm e}^{i x}+2 b \,{\mathrm e}^{2 i x}-2 b \right )}{\left ({\mathrm e}^{2 i x}-1\right )^{2} a^{2}}-\frac {i b^{3} \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i x}+\frac {i \left (\sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}\, a +a^{2}-b^{2}\right )}{\sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}\, b}\right )}{\sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}\, a^{3}}+\frac {i b^{3} \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i x}+\frac {i \left (\sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}\, a -a^{2}+b^{2}\right )}{\sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}\, b}\right )}{\sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}\, a^{3}}-\frac {\ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i x}+1\right )}{2 a}-\frac {\ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i x}+1\right ) b^{2}}{a^{3}}+\frac {\ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i x}-1\right )}{2 a}+\frac {\ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i x}-1\right ) b^{2}}{a^{3}}\) | \(236\) |
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Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 213 vs. \(2 (74) = 148\).
Time = 0.41 (sec) , antiderivative size = 490, normalized size of antiderivative = 5.83 \[ \int \frac {\csc ^3(x)}{a+b \sin (x)} \, dx=\left [\frac {4 \, {\left (a^{3} b - a b^{3}\right )} \cos \left (x\right ) \sin \left (x\right ) + 2 \, {\left (b^{3} \cos \left (x\right )^{2} - b^{3}\right )} \sqrt {-a^{2} + b^{2}} \log \left (-\frac {{\left (2 \, a^{2} - b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (x\right )^{2} - 2 \, a b \sin \left (x\right ) - a^{2} - b^{2} - 2 \, {\left (a \cos \left (x\right ) \sin \left (x\right ) + b \cos \left (x\right )\right )} \sqrt {-a^{2} + b^{2}}}{b^{2} \cos \left (x\right )^{2} - 2 \, a b \sin \left (x\right ) - a^{2} - b^{2}}\right ) - 2 \, {\left (a^{4} - a^{2} b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (x\right ) - {\left (a^{4} + a^{2} b^{2} - 2 \, b^{4} - {\left (a^{4} + a^{2} b^{2} - 2 \, b^{4}\right )} \cos \left (x\right )^{2}\right )} \log \left (\frac {1}{2} \, \cos \left (x\right ) + \frac {1}{2}\right ) + {\left (a^{4} + a^{2} b^{2} - 2 \, b^{4} - {\left (a^{4} + a^{2} b^{2} - 2 \, b^{4}\right )} \cos \left (x\right )^{2}\right )} \log \left (-\frac {1}{2} \, \cos \left (x\right ) + \frac {1}{2}\right )}{4 \, {\left (a^{5} - a^{3} b^{2} - {\left (a^{5} - a^{3} b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (x\right )^{2}\right )}}, \frac {4 \, {\left (a^{3} b - a b^{3}\right )} \cos \left (x\right ) \sin \left (x\right ) - 4 \, {\left (b^{3} \cos \left (x\right )^{2} - b^{3}\right )} \sqrt {a^{2} - b^{2}} \arctan \left (-\frac {a \sin \left (x\right ) + b}{\sqrt {a^{2} - b^{2}} \cos \left (x\right )}\right ) - 2 \, {\left (a^{4} - a^{2} b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (x\right ) - {\left (a^{4} + a^{2} b^{2} - 2 \, b^{4} - {\left (a^{4} + a^{2} b^{2} - 2 \, b^{4}\right )} \cos \left (x\right )^{2}\right )} \log \left (\frac {1}{2} \, \cos \left (x\right ) + \frac {1}{2}\right ) + {\left (a^{4} + a^{2} b^{2} - 2 \, b^{4} - {\left (a^{4} + a^{2} b^{2} - 2 \, b^{4}\right )} \cos \left (x\right )^{2}\right )} \log \left (-\frac {1}{2} \, \cos \left (x\right ) + \frac {1}{2}\right )}{4 \, {\left (a^{5} - a^{3} b^{2} - {\left (a^{5} - a^{3} b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (x\right )^{2}\right )}}\right ] \]
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\[ \int \frac {\csc ^3(x)}{a+b \sin (x)} \, dx=\int \frac {\csc ^{3}{\left (x \right )}}{a + b \sin {\left (x \right )}}\, dx \]
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Exception generated. \[ \int \frac {\csc ^3(x)}{a+b \sin (x)} \, dx=\text {Exception raised: ValueError} \]
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none
Time = 0.31 (sec) , antiderivative size = 141, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.68 \[ \int \frac {\csc ^3(x)}{a+b \sin (x)} \, dx=-\frac {2 \, {\left (\pi \left \lfloor \frac {x}{2 \, \pi } + \frac {1}{2} \right \rfloor \mathrm {sgn}\left (a\right ) + \arctan \left (\frac {a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, x\right ) + b}{\sqrt {a^{2} - b^{2}}}\right )\right )} b^{3}}{\sqrt {a^{2} - b^{2}} a^{3}} + \frac {a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, x\right )^{2} - 4 \, b \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, x\right )}{8 \, a^{2}} + \frac {{\left (a^{2} + 2 \, b^{2}\right )} \log \left ({\left | \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, x\right ) \right |}\right )}{2 \, a^{3}} - \frac {6 \, a^{2} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, x\right )^{2} + 12 \, b^{2} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, x\right )^{2} - 4 \, a b \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, x\right ) + a^{2}}{8 \, a^{3} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, x\right )^{2}} \]
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Time = 6.98 (sec) , antiderivative size = 531, normalized size of antiderivative = 6.32 \[ \int \frac {\csc ^3(x)}{a+b \sin (x)} \, dx=\frac {a^4\,\left (\frac {\cos \left (x\right )}{2}-\frac {\ln \left (\frac {\sin \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}{\cos \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}\right )}{4}+\frac {\cos \left (2\,x\right )\,\ln \left (\frac {\sin \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}{\cos \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}\right )}{4}\right )-a^2\,\left (\frac {b^2\,\ln \left (\frac {\sin \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}{\cos \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}\right )}{4}+\frac {b^2\,\cos \left (x\right )}{2}-\frac {b^2\,\cos \left (2\,x\right )\,\ln \left (\frac {\sin \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}{\cos \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}\right )}{4}\right )+\frac {b^4\,\ln \left (\frac {\sin \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}{\cos \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}\right )}{2}-b^3\,\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {-a^4\,\sin \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {b^2-a^2}\,1{}\mathrm {i}+b^4\,\sin \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {b^2-a^2}\,8{}\mathrm {i}+a\,b^3\,\cos \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {b^2-a^2}\,4{}\mathrm {i}+a^3\,b\,\cos \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {b^2-a^2}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{\cos \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,a^5+2\,\sin \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,a^4\,b+\cos \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,a^3\,b^2+4\,\sin \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,a^2\,b^3-4\,\cos \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,a\,b^4-8\,\sin \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,b^5}\right )\,\sqrt {b^2-a^2}\,1{}\mathrm {i}-\frac {b^4\,\cos \left (2\,x\right )\,\ln \left (\frac {\sin \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}{\cos \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}\right )}{2}+\frac {a\,b^3\,\sin \left (2\,x\right )}{2}-\frac {a^3\,b\,\sin \left (2\,x\right )}{2}+b^3\,\cos \left (2\,x\right )\,\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {-a^4\,\sin \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {b^2-a^2}\,1{}\mathrm {i}+b^4\,\sin \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {b^2-a^2}\,8{}\mathrm {i}+a\,b^3\,\cos \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {b^2-a^2}\,4{}\mathrm {i}+a^3\,b\,\cos \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {b^2-a^2}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{\cos \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,a^5+2\,\sin \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,a^4\,b+\cos \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,a^3\,b^2+4\,\sin \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,a^2\,b^3-4\,\cos \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,a\,b^4-8\,\sin \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,b^5}\right )\,\sqrt {b^2-a^2}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{\frac {a^5\,\cos \left (2\,x\right )}{2}-\frac {a^5}{2}+\frac {a^3\,b^2}{2}-\frac {a^3\,b^2\,\cos \left (2\,x\right )}{2}} \]
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